1866.  Ramón Zambrana Valdés died in Havana.

He was born in the Cuban capital on July 9, 1817. He began his medical studies in 1833. He carried out his theoretical and practical studies in the hospitals of San Ambrosio and Caridad de San Felipe and Santiago, until he obtained in 1839 the degree of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, and years later, exactly on December 9, 1846, he became the first Cuban to receive the degree of Doctor of Medicine and Surgery at the University of Havana.

In addition to being a physician, he was a professor, writer, poet, literary critic and journalist. Throughout his life he achieved great prestige as the protagonist of several firsts in the history of Cuban medicine. He was one of the most distinguished physicians of the 19th century. His name joined those of Tomás Romay, Nicolás José Gutiérrez and other forerunners and forgers of medicine in the Cuban territory.

Throughout his life he was characterized for being an honest man of exemplary discipline, broad knowledge and great activity.

1923.  The Protest of the Thirteen took place in Havana.

It was led by Rubén Martínez Villena and other young intellectuals to denounce the fraud in the purchase of the old Santa Clara Convent and to expose the existing corruption in the government.

The Manifesto of the protest written by Villena confirmed the group's accusations against state corruption. The document was headed with the declaration of the signatories that they felt honored to initiate a movement of reaction against the corruption of the rulers.