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The "José Martí" National Journalism Award, for lifelong work, is awarded every year since 1987 to professionals of recognized prestige and meritorious contribution to Cuban journalism, It is the highest award granted by the Union of Journalists of Cuba (UPEC).

 

It was created in 1986 by the Foundation Alejo Carpentier. Its purpose is to contribute to the biographical curriculum of those authors requiring time and economical support to finish their projects.

 

In the second decade of the 20th century, during the regime of dictator Gerardo Machado, Isla de Pinos was selected as the ideal site for the creation of a large prison, which was built in the style of the Juliett prison in Illinois, in the United States. The Presidio Modelo had four large five-story circular galleys, which had a total of 465 cells with capacity for two prisoners each. In the center of the circulars there were tall towers where the guard was located. These towers were reached through tunnels whose entrance was located outside the circular galley. The first circular galley was opened on February 17, 1928, and the facility as a whole was completed in 1931.